examines how workers and employers experienced and responded to the l9l0 revolution.  It demonstrates how the revolutionary governments labor policies mobilized workers and prompted Mexico’s most powerful group of industrialists to devise the systems of company paternalism that persist to this day. It also highlights the unique relationship that developed between organized labor and Mexico’s ruling party (the PRI) between the revolution and the onset of the Cold War. Deference and Defiance offers an urban, industrial perspective to a history of revolutionary Mexico that remains overshadowed by studies of the countryside.